O P Bhatnagar is 1 of the most major voices of Indian English poetry whose collections Believed Poems (1976), Feeling Fossils (1977), Angels of Retreat (undated), The Audible Landscape, Oneric Visions, Shadows in Floodlight (1984) and Cooling Flames of Darkness (2001) bespeak of political consciousness of the poet. As it's clear reduce truth that Indian English poetry can never ever remain away from the socio-political atmosphere of India and poets who never create below 1 formula Yet very begin a dialogue in between 'man and man' so Bhatnagar as well offers with a quantity of difficulties of our society and politics. Dr. A.N. Dwivedi comments:
"Bhatnagar's poetry comprehends a good range of themes which straight concentrate on the extended ness of his encounter and the solemnity of his involvement in the affairs of life." (CIE217)
Bhatnagar's tackling of political theme is much more firm and bigger than any other Indian English poet for he has touched nearly all the elements of political situation. Dr.V.K.Singh observes:
"We discover in Bhatnagar a frank evaluation of the information of modern life. Bhatnagar descants upon myriad elements of political life as current at present. No salient function escapes his keenly discerning eye. Bhatnagar rips open the bosom of many political riddles. He mirrors just before us what is what of all political difficulties." (152)
Themes love election, bribery, corruption, criminalization of politics, rampant bribery between the leaders degrading character of national leaders, division of society by communalism, castism, linguism, and regionalism and so on and the utter loss of values in politics are touched by the poet in a remarkably sensitive and superbly sarcastic way which is nonetheless not becoming surpassed by any poet of Indian English Poetry. His assertion that 'Indian Poetry in English has to be Indian' can't be overlooked if we aspire to market Indian Literature. Merely copying and coping with the English and English Literature is insufficient simply because Indian sensibility is not suffering with the penury of thoughts, feelings and sensibility and due to the fact it has its foundation vitality and voice of potentiality. Dr. R.C. Sharma is appropriate after he says:
"The cause why Bhatnagar advocates producing Indian Poetry in English is beset with conflicts and difficulties; and those conflicts and troubles are fundamentally Indian. Bhatnagar is conscious of the milieu in which the Indian poet in English lives too as of the duty which the Indian poet in English has to execute."(79)
O.P.Bhatnagar has dealt with a quantity of themes adore social consciousness, political awareness, enjoy, nature, philosophy and Indianness. According to Dr. A. N. Dwivedi:
Bhatnagar's poetry comprehends a wonderful range of themes, which straight concentrate on the largeness of his experienceand the solemnityof his involvement in the affairs of his life. (CIE,217)
In this way Bhatnagar understands the tempo and temperature of his occasions and accordingly orchestrates his poetry. Bhatnagar's dealing with the theme of politics is myriad and genuine. The numerous social troubles that agitate the conscience of man are the subjects of his poetry and he tries to throw a excellent deal of light on all of them. S.C.Bose observes:
"The poetry of O.P.Bhatnagar which has certainly a number of dimensions is too considerable as poetry of political consciousness." (V. V., 29)
The frank evaluation of the reality of modern life, and the picturesque delineation develop his poetry vibrant and attractive. According to Bhatnagar:
"Most of the vital locations of the life these days are governed by the high quality of political life and atmosphere are producing and living. Politics now has replaced our religious mode of life. We are quick getting concerned with a type of nationalism that may possibly define our part and responsibilities in the generating of the destiny of our Nation in future." (RC, 'Introduction', 8)
According to Bhatnagar:
Indian poetry in English need to mostly concern to social and political life of the men and women of India and it, 'need to democratize its issues and relations to society and construct it a supply of shared expectations...it ought to throw light on the degeneration and corruption corroding identities. It really should speak of the total shed of moral values, the gloom and the frustrations pervading the National scene." (RC, 'Introduction'9)
Poetry for Bhatnagar is a continuous search and work to symbolize for a much better socio-political life .to him, it's 'a self conscious craft shaped and reshaped by continual practice-refined and retouched Via the vision. Enjoy life itself, it really is the effort of a gardener who soon after removing all weeds cultivates it to last development and flowering. As such there is no influence of any distinct college of Believed on his poetry. It's totally his personal- a own experiment inspired by surroundings, ages, occasions and above all by human predicament.
The initial collection of Bhatnagar Believed Poems (1976) has great deal of poems of political consciousness. The poems wealthy in Believed content material lack in emotion adore that of romantic poets However the very first poem of the collection finds out the procedure of poetic creation. Bhatnagar writes:
"Poetry's which means
Love a deity in enshrined
Words upon words, the edifice construct." (T.P, 5)
Bhatnagar throws ample light on the query regarding God who can not be resolved out in going round the temple by the worshipper. God is a which means and deity enshrined in words of poem, the artist alone can expound and seek Him out:
"We could go round and round the temple
However by no means be about God.
We may well go round and rand an notion
But by no means be about a Believed." (ibid. 5)
In a single of his poems, he predicts the future as gloomy as the Supply:
"The future appears faded
Adore the blossoms of cacti just after dawn
The saints from bars, brothels and evening clubs
Tasting of casinos and underworld
Turn morals, values and virtues to ice-cream
Licked by fun loving childness in cones." (T.P, ten)
In the poem 'The new Scale' Bhatnagar tries to strike balance among 1 man's meat is a further man's poison. The poet finds the dictum worn out in the contemporary context 'a very simple and truthful man measures life in value spoons as he finds dishonesty to be the meanest way of life'. The stark fact of life can be noticed as:
"A uncomplicated, truthful man
In a worn out mode
May well nevertheless himself obtain
Measuring life in value spoons
Bribery, corruption and forgery
For him, a bitter poison be." (T.P., 12)
Bhatnagar wishes to opine that the a single's who amass wealth are the tiny concern with the interest with their fellow beings, nor do they feel any immorality in acting rather contrary to the code of conduct. In a different poem 'A Woe of Wonder', Bhatnagar expresses our sentiments and helpless attitude. The poet regrets the diversity, disintegration that our nation possesses right now. The emphasis of the poet is absolutely nothing Yet Nationality, 1 sentiment and a single attitude. This notion is penned by the poet as:
"Our is a multiheaded nation
Hunting in no unique path
Trimurti is an all inclusive vision
From here to eternity risen
Telling the tale of our frivolity." (T.P., 14)
Similarly in the poem 'The Bonds of Nation Care' the poet comments on the loyalty and patriotism of these Indians who were amassing vanity, wealth and arrogance by their solutions to the nations to which they have immigrated. Those so known as loyal citizens and tireless patriots go to India for their personal cause:
"Loyal citizens proud of patriots
Never ever neglect the care of their nation
And fly back property from time to time
Either to decide on a bride adore a prince
Or get of ones nation a jewel of a land
Putting their kingdom in a security of bands
Sealed with the loyal assurance with a wink
That despite the fact that they never belong to this nation
It sure belongs to their empire." (T. P., 15)
The second collection Feeling Fossils has too some poems of political interest. Bhatnagar regardless of treating the politics in an indirect manner hardly fails to pin point quite uncommon phenomena that somehow stay hidden from the eye of even these who have specialized in the game of politics. 'Crossing The Bar' is realistic poem that lashes on the contemporary politicians. His comment on the contemporary politicians is value quoting:
"Morals as dense
As thick forests
Let no light in;
The game is weird
Seeking loyalties
For romance." (F.F, 16)
A further notable poem 'The No Man's Land' expresses the thought that freedom has brought no racial modify in the life of the folks who are nonetheless living the dark dungeon of poverty, illiteracy and justice. The movement of liberation was raised by the masses However only couple of privileged men came forward to manage. And as soon as the efforts and sacrifices of the masses resulted good results these privileged couple of captured thrown of the nation and continued ruling over the nation below the garb of democracy. So the poet feels ideal:
"Prior to the British came
The land was not ours:
Right after they left,
It was not ours as well
The land belongs
To these who rule;
The other folks merely inherit
The no man's land." (F.F., 19)
The third collection Angles of Retreat has numerous Believed provoking poems in which the poet explores the which means of time as is evaluated from the events emerging from the cave of materialism wedded to hypocrisy. The tone of the poet in this collection is satiric and ironical. In the poem 'History is A Sorry go round' the poet wishes to propound that the historians usually ignore the significance of the persons at large and they tend to magnify the deeds of a handful of privileged men. The political sycophants have no other way of reaching the pages of History. The historians assume that their labor in recording titles and tortures serve the cause of National unity and safety and they are helped by political sycophants:
"Political sycophants are their aides
On whose beguiling predictions
They fire eat and execute
The Japanese fire-stroll shows
To dazzle the currently dazed." (A.R, 40)
But political leaders and sycophants overlook that the tyrants and blood suckers must face a fall:
"Also a great deal suppression and significantly politicking
Ferments its personal defeat
Forcing the masses to forge
In the smithy of their conscience
The invisible weapons of their conscience
The invisible weapons of their fall
Crowning shame on the foreheads of tyrants
And nailing bitter truths
On the crossroads instances." (A.R.41)
'Beggars can Be Choosers' is a outstanding poem in which the poet extends his sympathy for the poor, homeless deceased and propounds that begging is not an evil as these that are harbored by shallow careerists, dare devil smugglers and cheating blackmarketeers. The beggars are away from the ailment of tension, alienation and loss of identity and the poet concludes:
"All my humanitarian process
Seemed a snarl to me
And my reformist fervor a celluloid zeal
Tiny realizing that beggars as well can be choosers
And small less apprehending
The way we can misread one particular yet another
To stay our irrational types going
That in endless deceit
End the shapes of our destiny." (A.R, 43)
Similarly, in yet another poem 'Thoughts on A Election Day' is yet another poem of political consciousness in which the poet ridicules and paints a quite vivid and realistic picture of ignorant voters and literate officials as follows:
"The ignorant voters in their routine
Queue up day-dreaming
And in a passion of a second
Remove their oscitant indecision
Stamping symbols for men.
With a few literates
Sealing illiterate favours in steel boxes
And recording the proud percentage of poll
A rather reigns over the polling booths
Appreciate mourners retired from their obsequies." (A.R., 46)
The hope for new political miracles just after such democratic phenomena in each and every 5 year is finely portrayed by the poet who wishes to say that Democracy is practically nothing Yet the ugly face oppression and injustice.
The fourth collection of verse Oneric Visions indirectly muses over the themes of politics wherein various fragments connected to political consciousness are scattered in the volume. For instance in the poem 'If A single Begins Asking Inquiries love Hamlet' the poet offers a reference to politics:
"The fanatic erect marbles statues
Of their transient heroes
On the evanescent route of occasions-
Some whispering revolution
Other folks proclaiming peace-
Leaving the common man
To elbow sun with sun-shades." (O.V. 25)
In 'Who is Afraid of Fear' the poet's concept around the magnitude of evils that tell around the nature of politics is expressed by the poet:
"Up rise the ghost of smugglers
Hoarders, hooligans and holy-idlers
In a saucy denial of their treason
And evoke the deformed apparitions
Of the men who wished to rule
Or the man who just could not be men
And enjoy a Shikhandi shielded
The shadow of sin
Branding sun complain of gout
Bent with an aging dream
Wiping morals really like beauty
Scrapped by actors with cold cream." (O.V., 35)
The Gandhian notion of non-violence is pretty nicely expressed in the poem 'Non-Niolence and Violence'. Love Gandhi, Bhatnagar feels that even non-violence has its limits:
"If a single strikes you once
I invite him to do it once again:
If one particular requires off your shirt
Offer him to eliminate what ever remains." (O.V., 35)
However it really is not almost non-violence However a dearth of wisdom quite the poet suggests:
"With ideals folded really like umbrella
A single may perhaps stay them for a rainy day
And indulge in violence for fun
Yet the wrinkled dialectic of violence
Is a bit also monotonous
Placing the ikebana of horror
Unrelieved and unpossessed
Of any sense of humour
Value the despite the fact that." (O.V., 43)
The collection Shadows in Floodlight has a number of poems of depth and observation in which the poet becomes philosophical also as analytical. In the poem 'Of Poverty, Revolutions and Dreams' the poet upholds rightly:
We can't value poetry than its contents
Adore vice extra than its purity
And frustrations behave a wfore:
For poetry in itself is a revolution
Undreamt of in dreamt undreams." (S.F., 17)
Yet in a further poem 'The Living Scene' the poet presents the picture of contemporary India saying:
"The living scene in my nation
Is value only for the granite eyes
Insensitive and resilient
For our visions to unfold." (SF,20)
And he adds:
"it is a scene where utopia and epic
Are merging into a palpable chaos
Adventure overrunning freedom
Gangsterism whipping justice,
Politics maintaining dignity captive
Inaction to stay away from Believed." (ibid)
The sixth collection The Audible Landscape has ample poems connected to political consciousness in which the poet vocalizes and reflects the Offer you situation of the Nation and its persons. For instance, the initially poem reflects the slavish mentality of the people today who are prepared to suffer devoid of creating a sigh. The Nation has become coward and the malady is beyond all remedy. The poet says:
"The self enslaving slaves are ruled
By glad ghosts." (AL, 9)
And he adds:
"After slavery is loved as a rhetoric to survive
Rendering each Cervants and Dostoyevsky futile
Conceits of cowards want no therapist
Nor freedom a Marx or a Gandhi to revive."(p.9)
He mirrors our predicament saying:
"A prisoner is much more free than these
Who have no freedom even to dream." (ibid)
Pretty much the identical tone is continued in the subsequent poem 'The Walls of Prison property Keep'. Bhatnagar writes:
"We've broken the chains of slavery
The walls of prisonhouse keep." (AL, ten)
The soon after extract from the poem mirrors the plight of the Indians:
"Our despair is not simply because
There is less revolution
Yet small modify."(ibid)
Or:
"Even these days we look for leaders to follow
God to send us his grace:
We're afraid of speaking the fact
And resisting what ever is unjust
Foul and corrupt in our bones."(ibid)
What a fun it has that we have taken phrases for fact forgetting all resistance and protest. Bhatnagar says:
"Extended caged in slavery
We've become enjoy circus lions
Incapable of freedom in feelings
Became our personal prisonwalls." (.A.L. p.one particulara single)
The third poem in the volume 'Can Details Be Destroyed By Concepts, highlights the truth which can't be destroyed by Tips the so known as cat politics can not play the game of hide and seek for a lengthy time. The poet writes:
"Yesterday they had been the dreams of tomorrow
Nowadays they are the memories of previous-
Villages to replace heaven:
The unsheltered resting in villas:
Morals to be as firm as mountains:
With he hungry feeding at the Taj-
All this is history right now of politics
That enrich nation with poverty such extended." (AL, 12)
The poet concludes saying:
"Even poets are right now weary of dreams
Readt really like Caligula to depart
Let struggle revive to create up for the loss
In art turn material hostile to art."(ibid)
In this collection there are quantity of poems really like 'Nonetheless Inquiries', 'The New Morality', 'The Second Coming', 'On Seeing Rashtrapati Bhavan', 'Displacement Extra Spacious', 'That Space' and 'The Second Conversion' in which the poet points out the foils and foibles of our character and presents the snapshot of the suffering humanity and reveling a naked of contemporary life Bhatnagar tries to reform the Give situation and motivates us to fight against injustice and humiliation.
The final collection Cooling Flames of Darkness (2001) has too a quantity of poems of political interest in which the poem 'The Janus Faced Politician' is exceptional. The poet Begins saying:
"Who says it requires yellow sweat and suffering
To become a leader those fruitful days!
It is right now faience with all imperfections
To charm the innocent unequals
With much more charming handicaps
Way laying day-dreams by faldage
With deceptive drawings of fain hopes.( CFD, 17)
The farcical face of Indian politics and the imposters known as politicians are sketched by the poet so properly. Bhatnagar urges us:
"So, watch a hardcore bandit
A seasoned-green kidnapper
A intelligent murderer: a higher-fi smuggler
A higher moving scamster
Speak glib on tv
Or dictate his undercover turns
To the twice beleaguered persons
Voting him to energy with tiny decision
Democracy forcing its way to a farce. (CFD, 18)
The poem 'Ravaged Young children of The Civilized Occasions' shows nearly all the outer conflicts in the world where the people today of the contemporary occasions are additional indulged in cancerous violence, sins and crimes pretty getting 'in the line of the very best promoting fiction:/ media blow-up on sight on internet'. Politicians are adore Cassius and Shakuni who are fixing distant styles of own energy-park and are 'perambulating their nebulous dreams.' According to him, politicians will in no way let the world transform in its earlier glory. He says:
"We're ravaged of civilized occasions-
Our limping spirits have their personal vexed reality:
Philosophers, physiologists or politicians aside
All fires end- discover their glory in ashes:
And waters emptying themselves out
By means of all the mountain gashes. And
Howsoever significantly innocence may well stand the test
By fire and water:
Violence will by no means lost its radiance
The woes of innocence their cold surrender.
May perhaps be the return to the tenderness of heart
Lies By means of bestiality, faxed all over the world
The text in its authenticity unchanged." (CFD,14)
Likewise, in 'The Primitives of The Age', the poet imagines the a lot more ghasty mishappenings and the overgrowth of the ghost of dirty politics:
"Come a single, come all
Come hyenas or wolves
The inlaid roots will naturally force
Their trampled energy to fresh shoots
And survive the grizzly undergrowth
In a new grace of their old salons
Tesing the civilized in their
Substantially biting teeth." (CFD,16)
In 'Hunting At My Solitude' the poet tries to unburden himself from the agonies of time However finds solace nowhere and says:
"For the agony of it
Philosophy, music or poetry
May well only half-persuade the fine taste
To savour the taste of solitude
In terrific taste and trust:
For, the bitter at very best can turn
Only less bitten not sweeter nevertheless." (CFD, 36)
Hence, from the above narration it really is revealed that Bhatnagar's poetry is free from all the movements of Rightist or Leftist nor it has any relation with any specific college of Believed or ideology pretty to a depiction of fact crystal-clearly and narration of fact in pictorial and vividly. The Religion of Bhatnagar's poetry is like and peace. His poetic creed is fundamentally human and sort. He appears to be a real advocate of simplicity after he says:
"Poetry at its ideal is a clear and a simplified version of the complicated and the confused for there is nothing at all additional transcidental beyond the inventive simplicity of poetry. Poetry wins not by its snobbishness Yet by its simplicity. Very simple poetry is the poetry of togetherness. If additional Indian persons are to read poetry in English then it really should get common and accessible and associated to the living human challenges of the instances than mere to words, animals, damsels and sex." (FD, 122)
Hence, we can say that Bhatnagar has treated the politics as metaphor in his poetry and his poetry has established itself as the clarion call of awakening in the Provide milieu of political darkness.
References:
oA.N. Dwevedi (ed.), Modern Indo English Verse. Bareilly: Prakash Book Depot.1998.
oV. K. Singh. 'Silhouttes from Political & Financial Life' The Poetry of O. P. Bhatnagar- A crucial Analysis. Beneath the supervision of Dr. T. K. Ramchandran, Submitted to Rohilkhand University, Bareilly,1992
oR.C. Sharma & Dolly Oswal, 'O. P. Bhatnagar's Remedy of Politics', Agra University Journal of Analysis. Vol.xxx, pt. one, Jan.1982
oS. C. Bose, Vision & Voice. Vol.2, Ed. G. P. Baghmar, Nagpur; Vishwa Bharti Publications. (Abbreviated as V. V.)
oO. P. Bhatnagar(ed,) Increasing Columns-Some Indian Poets in English.Amravati; Kala Prakashan.
o------------------------------Believed Poems.Aligarh: Skylark Publications. 1976,(Abbreviated as TP in the text)
o------------------------------Feeling Fossils .New Delhi: Samkaleen Prakashan., (Abbreviated as FF in the text)
o---------------------------Angles of Retreat .New Delhi: Samkaleen Prakashan., (Abbreviated as AR in the text)
o----------------------------Oneric Visions. Jaipur: Rachna Prakashan., (Abbreviated as OV in the text)
o-----------------------------Shadows in Floodlights. Aligarh: Skylark Publications.(Abbreviated as SF in the text)
o------------------------------Audible Landscape. Aligarh: Skylark Publications.(Abbreviated as AL in the text)
o---------------------------Cooling Flames of Darkness. New Delhi: Samkaleen Prakashan.,2001 (Abbreviated as CFD in the text)
o---------------------------Future Directions- Indian Poetry in English Jaipur: Rachna Prakashan, (Abbreviated as FD in the text)
Dr. Shaleen Kumar Singh
M.A. (Eng.), LL.B., Ph.D.
'Sai Neeharika'
Patiyali Sarai
Budaun (243601)
Ph.No 9219894200
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